The detection of the lung cancer is done by screening of the suspected individuals - suspected individuals mean people who are indulged in smoking or people more than the age of 45. There is no change in the survival rate as a result of practicing screening of the suspected individuals by many government and international health organizations but one thing is clear patients who had gone under the screening and were put the diagnosis of the lung cancer most of them were asymptomatic.
Once the diagnosis has been made on the basis of radiological screening and symptoms the next step taken is tissue diagnosis. Tissue diagnosis includes biopsy of the tumour tissue, biopsy of mediastinal lymph nodes and biopsy of bone lesions if present. The most important task of the pathologist is to differentiate between the types of lung cancer. There are two types of lung cancer small cell and non small cell.
Staging is the step which is taken after the diagnosis of the cancer. Staging plays an important role in treatment. Staging of any type of cancer includes two steps the first step is to locate the cancer and second step is to have a look on the patient that if he is prepared to endure anti tumour activities. Resectibility of a tumour also depends on the anatomical location of the tumour. For non small cell tumour international TNM staging is used, T means size of tumour, N means regional lymph node involvement and M means distant metastases.Small cell lung cancer includes two stage system. The first stage is called limited stage which is confined to one hemithorax, regional lymph nodes and supraclavicular lymph nodes of the ipsilateral side but if the disease is not confined to these boundaries the disease is classified as extensive stage.
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